Biodegradation and bioremediation of hydrocarbons in. An overview on microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon. Meckenstockc adepartment of remediation research, ufzcentre for environmental research leipzighalle gmbh, permoserstrasse 15, d04318 leipzig, germany. Jun 30, 2017 petrochemical industry is one of the fastest growing industries. Focus on the microbial response to the deepwater horizon oil spill. Formation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons biological formation among hydrocarbons formed by living organisms, one may. The alephatics the aromatics the asphaltenes phenols, fatty acids, ketones, esters, and porphyrins, and the resins pyridines, quinolines, carbazoles, sulfoxides, and amides cont. Bacterial degradation and bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Bacterial degradation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pah fraction of refinery effluent. Hydrocarbons are degraded primarily by bacteria and fungi. Efforts to overview the metabolism of hydrocarbons in microorganisms are confronted with the chemical diversity of such compounds and their reactivities, as well as with various microbial life styles. Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants. Nitrate did not affect the ph, whereas ammonium amendment led to progressive acidification, accompanied by an inhibition of the degradation of aromatic, particularly polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons pahs. In oxidized state the i ndicator is blue and its reduced state is colourless. The complete degradation of pahs that originate from various sources require a community of microorganisms. Anaerobic degradation of monoaromatic hydrocarbons springerlink. Biodegradation of hydrocarbons is a costeffective technique that is based on highly dispersed microbes in soil and water capable of biodegrading hydrocarbons. Microbial degradation of petroleum biodegradation of hcs is a complex process depending on.
Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by. Several bacteria are even known to feed exclusively on hydrocarbons 39. The biodegradation of hydrocarbons in terrestrial ecosystems may be restricted because of the water available for metabolism and growth of microbial. In order to gain insight into the characteristics of pahs degradation, a proteome analysis of n. Such degradation can occur aerobically, with oxygen, or anaerobically, with nitrate, ferric iron, sulfate or other electron acceptors. The petrochemical industry is a hazardous group of industry generating hazardous waste containing organic and inorganic compounds. It is the main source of energy for industry and daily life. Petroleum hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Biodegradation of crude petroleum in an acid soil ph 4. Due to the importance of these hydrocarbons, they have become an important source of energy, resulting in a large number of residues in the environment, causing many negative environmental impacts. Anaerobic degradation of oil hydrocarbons by sulfatereducing.
In subsurface ecosystems, the availability of oxygen is often restricted. Microbial polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons degradation in soil. We use cookies to offer you a better experience, personalize content, tailor advertising, provide social media features, and better understand the use of our services. Hydrocarbons with a chain length of c 12 and above are virtually water insoluble. Two groups of pseudomonas species that assimilate components of common petroleum based accelerants have been found. Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons slideshare.
Hence, studying the biological degradation or degradability of hydrocarbons means directing our research interest not only to an. Bacteria play an important role in the microbial degradation of oil, chlorinated hydrocarbons, fuel additives, and many other compounds. In general,alkyl side chains of cycloalkanes facilitate the degradation. Contaminated soil samples were collected from warri refinery jetty while water sample was. The most common problems today are caused due to petroleum products, their use and their degradation. It is now known that compounds such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and all three xylene isomers can be biodegraded in the absence of oxygen by a broad diversity of organisms. Introduction rates of biodegradation depend greatly on the composition,petroleum is a liquid mixture consisting of complex hydrocarbons. Microbial degradation of hydrocarbons in the marine. Although bacterial anaerobic degradation of monoaromatic compounds has been characterized in depth, the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pahs such as naphthalene has only started. If exposed to the environment they can be hazardous to the surroundings as well. This study was aimed at bacterial degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pah in untreated refinery effluent.
The degradation of phenanthrene in liquid media was favorable at a range of ph values ph 6. Indigenous microbial consortiums were identified and used for bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons naphthalene and anthracene at the concentrations of 250, 500, and 750 ppm. Degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons by mixed culture isolated from oil contaminated soila bioprocess engineering study ruma roy, raja ray 1, ranjana chowdhury, pinaki bhattacharya chemical engineering department, jadavpur university, kolkata 700 032, india. This industry has immense importance in the growth of economy and manufacture of large varieties of chemicals. Due to the major oil due to the major oil spills which took place during last few decades, n eed for effective strategy to deal. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pahs is the common name for a class of several hundred different compounds, which typically contain two to seven condensed benzene rings. Biodegradation and bioremediation of hydrocarbons in extreme. Floodgate 36 listed 25 genera of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria and 25 genera of hydrocarbon degrading fungi which were isolated. Anaerobic biological degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons.
Aromatic hydrocarbon degradation by sphingomonas yanoikuyae b1. Anaerobic microbial degradation of polycyclic aromatic. Factors influencing petroleum hydrocarbon degradation. Stimulated anaerobic degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Microbial in situ degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons in a contaminated aquifer monitored by carbon isotope fractionation hans h. Degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons by mixed culture. The alephatics the aromatics the asphaltenes phenols, fatty acids, ketones, esters, and porphyrins, and the resins pyridines, quinolines. Environmental studies on the microbial degradation of oil hydrocarbons and its application in lebanese oil polluted coastal and marine ecosystem darin maliji, zakia olama and hanafy holail biological and environmental science department, beirut arab university, beirut, lebanon corresponding author email. Anaerobic degradation of monoaromatic hydrocarbons. Pah biodegradation, planomicrobium, rhodococcus, phenanthrene, pyrene. Quite a lot of research has been carried on hydrocarbon degradation. Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil by. Microbial biodegradation is the use of bioremediation and biotransformation methods to harness the naturally occurring ability of microbial xenobiotic metabolism to degrade, transform or accumulate environmental pollutants, including hydrocarbons e. The use of thermophiles for biodegradation of hydrocarbons with low water solubility is of interest, as solubility and thus bioavailability, are enhanced at elevated temperatures.
Microbial in situ degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons in. Novosphingobium pentaromativorans us61, a marine bacterium isolated from muddy sediments of ulsan bay, republic of korea, was previously shown to be capable of degrading multiple polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pahs. Isolation and molecular identification of hydrocarbon. The rates of mineralization of the highermolecularweight aromatic hydrocarbons, such as naphthalene and phenanthrene, are related to aqueous solubilities rather than total substrate concentrations 5, 152, 153. Salinity and pressure may also affect biodegradation rates in some aquatic environments, and moisture and ph may limit biodegradation in soils. Reinier abstract the operation of manufactured gas plants has led to contamination of the soil and groundwater around these sites. Therefore, study of microbial communities adapted to microaerob conditions is always required. Maximum utilization of hydrocarbons from crude oil was in dicated by the total discoloration of dcpip. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website.
Biodegradation of petroleum compound using the bacterium. Table 1 microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon. The bacteria ability to degrade different hydrocarbons. The key differences between petroleum biodegradation in soil and aquatic ecosystems following an oil spill, discussed by bossert and bartha 29, are related to. The invention relates to a process for the anaerobic biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons, as well as to a specific mixture and its use for this degradation. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pahs are a class of toxic environmental pollutants that have accumulated in the environment due to a variety of anthropogenic activities. Common pathway for hydrocarbon degradation include initial degradation of alkane with oxidation of methyl group and results in formation of an alcohol, which is then dehydrogenated via aldehyde to corresponding carboxylic acid, which can then be metabolized by. B1 is able to grow on a wide variety of aromatic compounds including biphenyl, naphthalene, phenanthrene, toluene, m, and pxylene. The composition and inherent biodegradability of the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant is the first and foremost important consideration when the. Environmental studies on the microbial degradation of oil.
In addition, the initial enzymes for degradation of biphenyl have the ability to metabolize a wide variety of different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Anaerobic degradation of monoaromatic hydrocarbons anaerobic degradation of monoaromatic hydrocarbons chakraborty, r coates, j. In soil remediation, aerobic degradation is often used for degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene. Depending on the chain length and type of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants different enzymes are required to introduce oxygen in substrate to start biodegradation. Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons sciencedirect. The catabolic pathways for the degradation of both the monocyclic. Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons ncbi. Comparative studies on bacterial consortia for hydrocarbon degradation sunita j. May 03, 2015 biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by. Degradation of hydrocarbons in spent engine oil contaminated soil by pseudomonas aeruginosa 612 degradation of different hydrocarbons prescott et al. Comparative studies on bacterial consortia for hydrocarbon degradation. Effect of btex concentration and environment final report november 15, 2002 dsr contact person. In this study we have investigated the ability of microorganisms present in the soil itself to degrade these hydrocarbons so that contaminated soils can be treated using microbial consortium.
Bioremediation is a noninvasive and cost effective technique for the cleanup of these petroleum hydrocarbons. Alkanes, a major fraction of crude oil, are saturated hydrocarbons and hence are chemically inert as nonpolar molecules. The effects of selective microbial activity on hydrocarbon accelerants have been examined both in vitro and in simulated arson residues. Due to the importance of these hydrocarbons, they have become an important source of energy, resulting in a large number of residues in the environment, causing many. Apr 23, 2014 degradation of hydrocarbons in hypersaline environments. The occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pah in refinery effluents is of great concern globally due to its persistence, recalcitrance and carcinogenicity. Petrochemical contaminated site was found to be a rich source of microbial consortium degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in a polluted tropical stream sunday a.
We isolated 14 different bacteria from various petroleum contaminates sites, using enrichment technique, and studied for utilization of various hydrocarbons. Assessing in situ degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by indigenous. Biodegradation of hydrocarbons in the environment microbial degradation of hydrocarbons may apply also to soil ecosystems. Pdf microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon. Dibble and bartha 51 reported increases in co2evolution overthe range of1. Adaptation by prior exposure of microbial communities to hydrocarbons increases hydrocarbon degradation rates. The nature of this contamination is organic compounds in. Dec 08, 2014 microbial degradation of petroleum biodegradation of hcs is a complex process depending on. Upon this background, pseudomonas aeruginosa strain known to have hydrocarbon degradative ability was developed and used. Degradation is an effective method for remediation of petrohydrocarbons and causes changes in nature and concentration of petrocompounds. However, a number of bacterial and fungal genera have been reported to degrade even high molecular weight alkanes in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Anaerobic degradation of oil hydrocarbons by sulfate. Jan 21, 2004 in addition, it has also been recently shown that complete degradation of monoaromatic hydrocarbons can also be coupled to the respiration of oxyanions of chlorine such as perchlorate or chlorate, or to the reduction of the quinone moieties of humic substances.
Isolation and characterization of hydrocarbondegrading. Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil by microbial. Microbial degradation of petrochemical wastepolycyclic. Bacterial degradation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. Olatope 2 1 department of botany and microbiology, university of lagos, lagos, nigeria. Figure 3 microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon. Upasani 2 1faculty, gujarat national law university gnlu, koba, gandhinagar, gujarat, india 2associate professor, department of microbiology, m. In spite of the present treatment process, the hazardous waste compounds are found. Richnowa, eva annweilerb, walter michaelisb, rainer u. Anaerobic biodegradation of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons. Petroleum is a complex mixture of different hydrocarbons including aliphatic linear or branched, cycloalkanes, mono and polyaromatics, asphaltenes and resins and majority of these compounds are stable, toxic, and carcinogenic philip et al. We are committed to sharing findings related to covid19 as quickly and safely as possible. For information about anaerobic degradation of alkenes and alkynes, the reader is referred to other overview articles 4,5. Petroleum hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons differ in.
Microbial in situ degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons in a. Details of enzymes involved in petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant degradation along with hydrocarbon pollutant degraded and microorganism for the same are depicted in table 2. Isolation and characterization of hydrocarbon degrading. Anaerobic biodegradation of saturated and aromatic. Thermophiles, predominantly bacilli, possess a substantial potential for the degradation of environmental pollutants, including all major classes. Aliphatic hydrocarbons become less water soluble with increasing chain length. Environmental degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons utrecht. Isolation and molecular identification of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria from oilcontaminated soil fatiha dilmi 1, 2, abdelwaheb chibani 1, khadidja senouci rezkallah 2 1laboratory of microbiology and plant science, department of biology, faculty of natural and life sciences, university of abdelhamidibn badis, mostaganem, algeria. Microbial degradation of hydrocarbons in the marine environment, with a. Recent studies in microbial degradation of petroleum. Twentythree hydrocarbondegrading bacteria strains were isolated from gas.
One of the major environmental problems today is hydrocarbon contamination resulting from the activities related to the petrochemical industry. Science institute, ahmedab ad, gujarat, india corresponding author. Bacteria are the most active agents in petroleum degradation, and they work as primary degraders of spilled oil in environment 37, 38. Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil at former manufactured gas plant sites jeremy m. Ex situ aerobic degradation is straightforward, however, the in situ transport properties of oxygen are poor due to low solubility and high reactivity. The optimum ph for biodegradation of hydrocarbons is around 68 22. Many polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pahs are known to be toxic and carcinogenic for humans, and their contamination of soils and aquifers is of great environmental concern. Evidence for cooxidation of asphaltenes was provided by rontani et al.
Microbial degradation of hydrocarbons in the environment. Comparative studies on bacterial consortia for hydrocarbon. Over the last two decades significant advances have been made in our understanding of the anaerobic biodegradability of monoaromatic hydrocarbons. Microbial degradation of hydrocarbons in the environment ncbi. A number of limiting factors have been recognized to affect the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, many of which have been discussed by brusseau. The mechanism of cyclohexane degradation is shown in fig. For water treatment absorption and biodegradation are the most used methods. Introduction the biodegradation of petroleum and other hydrocarbons in the environment is a complex process, whos quantitative and qualitative aspects depend on the nature and amount of the oil or hydrocarbons present, the ambient and seasonal environmental. Stimulated anaerobic degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons the aerobic degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons has been well demonstrated. Principles of microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Index terms microorganisms, hydrocarbon, bioremediation i.
1388 359 1133 1292 625 1111 1054 315 230 1311 1200 338 1183 251 1486 1223 1279 1067 359 988 1129 681 107 749 264 1426 434 1408 361 547 1154 63 243 566 25 628 724 116 496 70